1.溝槽開挖。

1. Trench excavation.

(1)混凝土路面和瀝青路面的開挖應(yīng)使用切割機切割。

(1) The excavation of concrete pavement and asphalt pavement shall be cut by cutting machine.

(2)管道溝槽應(yīng)按設(shè)計規(guī)定的平面位置和標高開挖。當采用人工開挖且無地下水時，槽底預留值應(yīng)為0.05~0.10m;管道安裝前應(yīng)人工清底設(shè)計標高。

(2) The pipe trench shall be excavated according to the plane position and elevation specified in the design. When manual excavation is adopted and there is no underground water, the reserved value at the bottom of the trench shall be 0.05~0.10m; Before pipeline installation, the bottom shall be cleaned manually to the design elevation.

(3)管溝溝底寬度和工作尺寸，應(yīng)根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實際情況和管道敷設(shè)方法確定。

(3) The width and working size of the trench bottom shall be determined according to the actual situation on site and the pipeline laying method.

(4)局部超挖部分應(yīng)回填夯實。當溝底無地下水時，超挖在0.15m以內(nèi)，可采用原土回填;超挖在0.15,以上，可采用石灰土處理。當溝底有地下水或水量較大時，應(yīng)采用級配砂石或天然砂回填標高。超挖部分回填后壓實，其密實度應(yīng)接近原地基天然土的密實度。

(4) The partial overbreak shall be backfilled and compacted. When there is no groundwater at the bottom of the ditch, the over-excavation is within 0.15m, and the original soil can be used for backfilling; If the overbreak is more than 0.15, lime soil can be used for treatment. When there is groundwater at the bottom of the ditch or there is a large amount of water, graded sand or natural sand shall be used to backfill to the elevation. The over-excavated part shall be compacted after backfilling, and its compactness shall be close to the compactness of the original foundation natural soil.

(5)在濕陷性黃土地區(qū)，不宜在雨期施工，或在施工時切實排除溝內(nèi)積水，開挖時應(yīng)在溝底預留值0.03~0.06m厚的土層進行壓實處理。

(5) In the collapsible loess area, construction should not be carried out in rainy season, or the accumulated water in the ditch should be effectively drained during construction. During excavation, a soil layer with a thickness of 0.03-0.06m should be reserved at the bottom of the ditch for compaction.

(6)溝底遇有廢棄構(gòu)筑物、硬石、木頭、垃圾等雜物時須，并應(yīng)鋪一層厚度不小于0.15m砂土或素土，整平壓實及設(shè)計標高。

(6) In case of waste structures, hard rocks, wood, garbage and other sundries at the bottom of the ditch, they must be removed, and a layer of sand or plain soil with a thickness of not less than 0.15 m should be paved, leveled and compacted to the design elevation.

(7)對軟土基及特殊腐蝕土壤，應(yīng)按設(shè)計要求處理。

(7) Soft soil foundation and special corrosive soil shall be treated according to design requirements.

2.回填土。

2. Backfill.

(1)不得采用凍土、垃圾、木材及軟性物質(zhì)回填。管道兩側(cè)及管頂以上0.5m內(nèi)的回填土，不得含有碎石、磚塊等雜物，且不得采用灰土回填。距管頂0.5m以上的回填土中的石塊不得多于10%、直徑不得大于0.1m,且均勻分布。

(1) Frozen soil, garbage, wood and soft materials shall not be used for backfilling. The backfill on both sides of the pipe and within 0.5m above the pipe top shall not contain debris such as gravel and bricks, and shall not be backfilled with lime soil. The stones in the backfill soil more than 0.5m from the pipe top shall not be more than 10%, and the diameter shall not be more than 0.1m, and shall be evenly distributed.

(2)溝槽的支撐應(yīng)在管道兩側(cè)及管頂以上0.5m回填完畢并壓實后，在保證的情況下進行拆除，并應(yīng)采取細砂填實縫隙。

(2) The support of the trench shall be removed under the condition of ensuring safety after backfilling and compaction on both sides of the pipe and 0.5m above the pipe top, and the gap shall be filled with fine sand.

(3.)溝槽回填時，應(yīng)先回填管底懸空部位，再回填管道兩側(cè)。

(3) When backfilling the trench, the suspended part of the pipe bottom shall be backfilled first, and then both sides of the pipe shall be backfilled.

(4)回填土應(yīng)分層壓實，每層虛鋪厚度宜為0.2~0.3m，管道兩側(cè)及管頂以上0.5m內(nèi)的回填土須采用人工壓實，管頂0.5m以上的回填土可采用小型機械壓實，每層虛鋪厚度宜為0.25~0.4m。

(4) Backfill soil shall be compacted by layers. The virtual paving thickness of each layer should be 0.2~0.3m. Backfill soil on both sides of the pipeline and within 0.5m above the pipe top must be compacted manually. Backfill soil above 0.5m above the pipe top can be compacted by small machinery. The virtual paving thickness of each layer should be 0.25~0.4m.

(5)回填土壓實后，應(yīng)分層檢查密實度，并做好回填記錄。

(5) After the backfill is compacted, the compactness shall be checked layer by layer and the backfill records shall be made.

3.警示帶鋪設(shè)。

3. Laying of warning tape.

(1)埋設(shè)燃氣管道的沿線應(yīng)連續(xù)鋪設(shè)警示帶。警示帶鋪設(shè)前應(yīng)將鋪設(shè)面壓實，并平整的鋪設(shè)在管道的正上方，距管定的距離宜為0.3~0.5m，但不得鋪設(shè)于路基和路面內(nèi)。

(1) Warning tapes shall be laid continuously along the buried gas pipeline. Before laying the warning tape, the paving surface should be compacted and laid flat above the pipe. The distance from the pipe should be 0.3~0.5m, but it should not be laid in the roadbed and pavement.

(2)警示帶宜采用黃色聚乙烯等不易分解的材料，并印有明顯、牢固的警示語，字體不應(yīng)小于100*100mm。

(2) The warning tape should be made of yellow polyethylene and other materials that are not easy to decompose, and should be printed with obvious and firm warning words. The font should not be less than 100 * 100mm.

現(xiàn)在的警示帶有示蹤線，利用測試儀器在不開挖的情況下，準確為管道定位。您有需求就來我們網(wǎng)站http://www.scnu-graduate.com咨詢了解吧！

The current warning is equipped with a tracer line, which uses test instruments to accurately locate the pipeline without excavation. Come to our website if you need http://www.scnu-graduate.com Ask about it!